Impaired prefrontal oxygenation during cognitive execution may serve as a diagnostic marker for psychiatric disorders such as major depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorders. Use the NIRSIT’s groundbreaking Optical Topography Report feature to now perform this objective evaluation. Current diagnosis of psychiatric disorders is mainly based on clinical interviews and structured clinical assessment based on Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) or International Classification of Disease (ICD). There is evident need to explore alternate biomarkers to improve objectivity and accuracy of diagnosis. The NIRSIT tool provides a practical, cost-effective, and portable neuroimaging biomarker solution.
Several functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies conducted on patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) have shown a reduced increase in the oxygenated hemoglobin levels during a verbal fluency test (VFT). Oxygenated hemoglobin concentration has also been shown to be negatively correlated with the degree of depression (Uemura 2014), with stronger correlation in recurrent cases (Wang 2017). Furthermore, association of prefrontal hemodynamic changes and suicidality has been demonstrated. Similarly, hemodynamics assessment during VFT has also shown to be valid in schizophrenia (Tran 2023) and bipolar disorders (Takizawa 2013).
The NIRSIT system provides a completely non-invasive neuroimaging solution with a low maintenance cost. The evaluation can be performed in ordinary clinical settings and allows subjects to be comfortably seated in a well lit room. The unobtrusive design with no wires facilitates repeating the VFT (if needed) in this susceptible population. Further, the VFT is easy to understand and execute. The entire assessment takes up to 5-10 minutes to perform, including set up.
The personalized Optical Topography Report provides an easy-to-understand overview of hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal, left frontal, and right frontal regions. It combines color-coded 3D brain maps with regional time-course plots of oxygenated (HbO₂) and deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin changes. A summary table displays Integral, Centroid, Slope, Mean, and Peak values, supporting comparison across regions and interpretation of responses over time.